Law of 1891 (Kappler)

This 1904 reprint of the Law of 1891 was published in vol. I of Charles Kappler’s Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Passed by Congress on March 3, 1891, this law reduced the size of the Fort Berthold Reservation and provided for individual land allotments, in which the government would hold the title for twenty-five years. In addition, this law permitted the US government to open the lands acquired to settlement under the provisions of the homestead laws.https://commons.und.edu/indigenous-gov-docs/1213/thumbnail.jp

An Act Granting to the Saint Paul, Minneapolis and Manitoba Railway Company the Right of Way Through Indian Reservations in Northern Montana and Northwestern Dakota

This 1904 reprint was transcribed and published in vol. I of Charles Kappler’ Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Approved on February 15, 1887, this act granted the Saint Paul, Minneapolis, and Manitoba Railway Company the right of way to build its railroad through the Fort Berthold and Blackfeet Indian Reservations.https://commons.und.edu/indigenous-gov-docs/1222/thumbnail.jp

Multiple surface wave solutions on linear viscoelastic media

We study the generic dispersion relation of surface waves on a semi-infinite viscoelastic medium bounded by a 2D viscoelastic interface, including the effects of gravitation, surface tension and bending rigidity. The classical Rayleigh, capillary-gravity and Lucassen wave solutions result as limiting cases. We identify an additional solution that differs from all previously described waves in that gravitation, surface tension and bulk shear viscosity must simultaneously be nonzero, and which exists on a pure air-water interface. For a surfactant monolayer on water, the number of coexisting wave solutions switches between one and three, depending on interfacial compressibility and frequency

Proclamation 305—Fort Berthold Reservation in the State of North Dakota

This 1904 reprint of President Benjamin Harrison’s 1891 proclamation was transcribed and published in vol. I of Charles Kappler’s Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Originally signed on May 20, 1891, this proclamation announced that the “Law of 1891,” passed by US Congress on March 3, 1891, was accepted, ratified, and confirmed.https://commons.und.edu/indigenous-gov-docs/1018/thumbnail.jp

An Act to Provide for the Allotment of Lands in Severalty to Indians on the Various Reservations (Kappler) (Kappler)

This 1904 transcription of “An Act to Provide for the Allotment of Lands in Severalty to Indians on the Various Reservations, also knows the General Allotment Act or the Dawes Act of 1887 was printed in vol. I of Charles Kappler’s Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Originally passed on February 8, 1887, this act authorized the US government to break up reservations and tribal lands, previously held in common, into individual plots. Aimed at assimilating Indigenous people into white society, this act promoted agriculture and grazing by allotting tribal members or families who registered a portion of reservation land outlined in the document. Furthermore, this document granted American citizenship to those who accepted the division of tribal lands.https://commons.und.edu/indigenous-gov-docs/1211/thumbnail.jp

Consequences of self and foreign superantigen interaction with specific VB elements of the murine TCR aB

Journal ArticleThe aB T-cell receptor (TCRaB) recognizes a ligand composed of an antigen fragment complexed with a product of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The repertoire of receptors is limited both by the germ line of receptor variable elements and by selective events that take place during T-cell development. The current view is that the germ-line repertoire is expressed in the thymus randomly but that only those T cells bearing receptors that successfully interact with MHC molecules expressed on thymic cortical epithelial cells are allowed to mature (Bevan and Fink 1978; Zinkernagel et al. 1978; Kisielow et al. 1988; Sha et al. 1988). Furthermore, during the process of establishing tolerance to self-antigens, this positively selected population is further reduced by the deletion or inactivation of clones whose receptors continue to interact with self-antigen/MHC ligands (Kappler et al. 1987a, 1988; MacDonald et al. 1988; Pullen et al. 1988). Thus, positive and negative selections reduce expressed receptor repertoire in the periphery to a fraction of the germ-line repertoire